How can I get my dad to take his daily medications when he is so combative?
His combativeness is rooted in his failed attempts to actually communicate something to you. Perhaps first look at what is driving this combativeness or fear; what is the source of the apprehension behind taking his meds. Does he have trouble swallowing which causes discomfort in taking his pill? Does the pill possibly have an unpleasant aftertaste? Is the time of day when taking the medications causing the anxiety? Was there something in his younger life that made him nervous about taking pills?
Make sure you prepare the environment before you start the process of giving him his medications. The setting should be calm and free of disruptions. Play some soft music. Walk your dad through the steps of what you are going to do, i.e., "Dad, it's time to take your medicine that the doctor wants you to take. (pause) Drink some water first. (pause) Here's your first pill. (pause) Make sure to swallow." Use short, simple instructions, don't rush, and allow him, as much as possible, to be empowered to take his medications on his own terms. You could even offer him his favorite treat, like a piece of chocolate, if he finishes taking all his pills.
The resistance to taking medications may be that your dad is experiencing some medical issues such as a urinary tract infection, cold or flu or a sore throat. You might also want to check to see if your dad is having dental issues, such as sore gums or poorly fitting dentures, as this discomfort could make taking pills painful and more difficult.
Sometimes, too, just the sight of pill bottles can cause anxiety in the individual with Alzheimer's or dementia. It might be a good idea not to display any pill bottles while trying to give your dad his medications. This could be overwhelming for him. Before the designated time for his medications, take the pills out of each bottle, leaving the bottles out of sight. Try putting the pills in a solid-colored bowl and giving him one pill at a time.
If you are his regular caregiver, it might be that he is just taking his aggression out on you alone. Try giving the responsibility to another close relative and redirect prior to the taking of medications by engaging your dad in an activity he enjoys, or just by offering some social stimulation and compliments to ease his anxiety about taking his pills. Additionally, if you are taking medications yourself, try alternating with him; i.e., you swallow your pill and then he swallows his. This visual example might help him understand more about the process.
If the pills are large or difficult to swallow, crush those that are crushable (consult physician or pharmacist) and mix with applesauce or yogurt. If his combativeness escalates, set everything aside for a few minutes and try again. Keep in mind that his behaviors will change over time, so you may need to constantly modify your procedures.
As always, consult your physician or pharmacist with issues out of the ordinary in giving your dad his medications. It might be that the medications could be adjusted to be taken at a better part of the day for your dad, when he is typically in a more congenial and willing mood.